- Holocaust (1941-1945)
The systematic, state-sponsored genocide of six million Jews by Nazi Germany, along with other minority groups such as Romani people, disabled individuals, and political prisoners.
- Cambodian Genocide (1975-1979)
Orchestrated by the Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot, resulting in the death of approximately 1.7 to 2 million people through mass executions, forced labor, and starvation.
- Rwandan Genocide (1994)
A 100-day massacre in which the Hutu-led government systematically murdered over 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu, largely fueled by ethnic tensions and political manipulation.
- Bosnian Genocide (1992-1995)
Targeted killing of Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) by Bosnian Serb forces, resulting in the death of over 100,000 people and the mass rape and displacement of thousands.
- Darfur Genocide (2003-present)
Systematic targeting of ethnic Darfuris by the Sudanese government and Janjaweed militias, leading to the death of over 300,000 people and the displacement of millions.
- Guatemalan Genocide (1981-1983)
The state-led extermination of the indigenous Maya population under the military regime, resulting in the death of over 200,000 people.
- Armenian Genocide (1915-1917)
The systematic killing and forced deportation of 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during World War I.
- Anfal Campaign 1987-1988)
A genocidal campaign led by the Iraqi Ba’ath regime under Saddam Hussein, targeting Kurdish populations and resulting in over 182,000 deaths and mass displacement.
9. Dersim Massacre (1937-1938)
Background: The Turkish government, under the rule of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, launched a military campaign against the Kurdish population in Dersim to suppress Kurdish nationalist movements.
Details: Approximately 13,000 to 70,000 Kurds, including women and children, were killed through aerial bombings, mass executions, and forced deportations.
Aftermath: The Turkish state has yet to officially recognize the massacre as genocide, though recent calls for recognition have emerged from Kurdish and human rights organizations.
- Nanking Massacre (1937-1938)
Japanese Imperial Army’s mass killing of over 300,000 Chinese civilians in the city of Nanking, including widespread rape and torture.
- East Timor Genocide (1975-1999)
Following Indonesia’s invasion of East Timor, systematic killings and human rights abuses led to the deaths of over 100,000
12. Qorveh Massacre (1980s)
Background: During the Iran-Iraq War, the Iranian government targeted Kurdish populations suspected of opposing the regime.
Details: In Qorveh and surrounding areas, Kurdish civilians were executed, imprisoned, and forcibly disappeared. The precise number of victims remains disputed due to lack of documentation.
Aftermath: The Iranian government has not acknowledged these crimes, and families of victims continue to seek justice.
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